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Its potential value was well proved by the alarm-indeed, the dislocation of mind-caused in the German headquarters when the menace was disclosed. The fault of this plan lay not in the conception but in the execution. Zhilinsky’s plan was that Rennenkampf should advance against East Prussia from the east, drawing upon himself the German defending forces, and then, two days later, Samsonov was to cross the German province’s southern frontier and bestride the Germans’ rear, cutting them off from the Vistula. The two armies formed a group under the higher control of Zhilinsky. Paul von Rennenkampf and the Second (or Warsaw) Army (10 infantry divisions and three cavalry divisions) under Gen.

Because the Russians had more than a two-to-one superiority, a combined attack had every chance of destroying the Germans between the two armies.Īlong the land frontier two Russian armies had been assembled, the First (or Vilna) Army (six and a half infantry divisions and five cavalry divisions) under Gen.

#When was the battle of tannenberg full#

To ease the pressure on France, the Russian commander in chief, Grand Duke Nicholas (Nikolay Nikolayevich, a cousin of Emperor Nicholas II), had urged his First and Second armies to invade East Prussia before they had achieved full readiness. The German claw was, indeed, being menaced by a Russian pair of pincers instead. An Austrian plan to cut off Russia’s territory in the former Congress Kingdom of Poland was further crippled by the fact that the German claw of the pincers did not operate. The Austrian command, emulating the German in violating the Clausewitzian principle of Schwerpunkt (“concentration”), detached part of its strength in an abortive attempt to crush Serbia. The opening encounters on the Eastern Front had been marked by rapid changes of fortune the greater distances and the greater differences between the equipment of the armies ensured a fluidity which was lacking in the West.

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#When was the battle of tannenberg how to#

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